Telangana Formation Day, observed annually on June 2nd since 2014, is a state public holiday in Telangana, India. It marks the commemoration of the formation of the state of Telangana. The day is celebrated with various activities such as parades, cultural programs, and speeches. It is also an occasion to honor the sacrifices made by those who fought for the establishment of Telangana.
The creation of Telangana was a complex and lengthy process. The demand for a separate Telangana state emerged in the early 1960s, eventually leading to the passing of the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act in 2009. This act paved the way for the formation of Telangana. Since its establishment, Telangana has experienced positive developments, including increased investment and growth. The state has also witnessed improvements in poverty reduction and employment opportunities.
Telangana Formation Day serves as a moment of celebration for the state’s accomplishments and an optimistic outlook for its future. It signifies the progress and prosperity that Telangana has achieved as an individual state.
The Congress Working Committee passed a resolution on July 1, 2013, expressing their intention to form Telangana as a separate state. Subsequently, the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act 2014 bill went through various stages and was eventually passed in the Parliament in February 2014. This bill paved the way for the formation of the state of Telangana. It received the President of India’s approval on March 1, 2014, and Telangana officially came into existence on June 2, 2014.
Prior to its formation, Telangana was known as Hyderabad State. In 1948, after gaining independence from the rule of the Nizam, Hyderabad State merged with India. The creation of states on a linguistic basis was a priority, and the States Reorganisation Committee was established to oversee this process. Following the committee’s recommendations, Telangana was merged with Andhra Pradesh on November 1, 1956.
Before the merger, a Gentleman’s Agreement was signed to protect the interests of Telangana. The agreement included provisions such as the allocation of government jobs based on the population of Telangana and Andhra State, and the rotational election of Chief Minister and Deputy Chief Minister from each state. These measures were intended to ensure the equitable treatment of Telangana within the unified state of Andhra Pradesh.
Dissatisfaction with the Gentleman’s Agreement: The people of Telangana felt that the implementation of the Gentleman’s Agreement, which was meant to safeguard their interests during the merger with Andhra Pradesh, was not adequately followed. They believed that the agreement was violated in terms of job opportunities, educational facilities, and allocation of the state budget.
Mulki Rules and Employment: The Mulki rules stipulated that employees from Andhra Pradesh who migrated to Hyderabad would be considered as local residents after 12 years. This provision granted them access to government jobs that were originally reserved for the people of Telangana. This led to a perception of unfair competition for employment opportunities among the local population.
Vashishta Bhargava Committee’s Findings: The Vashishta Bhargava Committee, established to assess the implementation of the Gentleman’s Agreement, reported that around 4,500 employees were working in Telangana against the provisions of the agreement. This finding further fueled the sentiment of injustice among the people of Telangana.
Diversion of Funds: According to the Vashishta Bhargava Committee’s report, an allocation of 283 million rupees intended for Telangana’s development between 1956 and 1968 was diverted to the Andhra region. This diversion of funds was seen as a deprivation of resources that were meant for the progress and welfare of Telangana.
These grievances and perceived injustices contributed to the widespread mobilization and demand for a separate state of Telangana, leading to the formation of the state in 2014.
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